摘要:2026年7月,FDA加速批准Vera公司Atacicept(Trutakna)上市,成为美国首款BAFF/APRIL双靶点IgA肾病新药,每周一次居家皮下注射,3期临床36周蛋白尿降幅达46%,安全性可控;基于替代终点获批,延缓肾衰的长期获益仍需今年三季度eGFR确证数据揭盲,国内同靶点泰它西普也已获批。
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Trutakna (atacicept-vymj) to reduce proteinuria in adults with primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy at risk for disease progression.
Trutakna is injected subcutaneously (under the skin) once weekly.
IgA nephropathy is a serious kidney disease that occurs when an abnormal form of an immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody builds up in the kidneys, causing kidney inflammation and damage. This kidney damage can cause protein to leak from the blood into the urine (proteinuria) and loss of kidney function over time that may progress to kidney failure.
Trutakna is the first FDA-approved medicine that targets both B cell activating factor (BAFF) and A Proliferation Inducing Ligand (APRIL), which are involved in survival and maturation of certain immune cells. This in turn decreases production of the abnormal IgA antibody.
The efficacy and safety of Trutakna were evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT04716231) in adults with biopsy-confirmed IgA nephropathy. Patients were randomly assigned to either Trutakna 150 mg injected subcutaneously once weekly or placebo.
The primary efficacy endpoint assessed the change from baseline in proteinuria (urine protein-to-creatinine ratio sampled from a 24-hour urine collection) after 9 months of treatment in the first 203 patients who had the opportunity to reach the month 9 visit. At 9 months, patients in the Trutakna group had an average 46% reduction in proteinuria as compared to an proteinuria in the placebo group.
Trutakna suppresses the immune system and may increase the risk of infections. Patients should be assessed for active infections before starting Trutakna and monitored for signs of infection during treatment. Trutakna may interfere with the immune response to vaccines and increase the risk of infection from live vaccines. Administration of live vaccines is not recommended within 30 days prior to starting Trutakna or during treatment with Trutakna.
Trutakna was granted accelerated approval based on the reduction in proteinuria. It has not been established whether Trutakna slows kidney function decline over the long-term in patients with IgA nephropathy. As a condition of the accelerated approval, the ongoing clinical trial must be completed to confirm that Trutakna slows kidney function decline over the long-term in patients with IgA nephropathy. Continued approval may be contingent upon verification of clinical benefit in this confirmatory trial.
The approval was granted to Vera Therapeutics, Inc.
Trutakna also received priority review and Breakthrough Therapy designation for this indication.
2026年7月7日,美国FDA通过批准Vera Therapeutics公司开发的Atacicept(商品名:Trutakna),用于降低有疾病进展风险的成人原发性IgA肾病(IgAN)患者蛋白尿。这是美国首款同时靶向BAFF与APRIL两个细胞因子的IgAN治疗药物,国内针对该靶点的泰它西普也被国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)批准用于IgA肾病治疗,标志着IgA肾病靶向治疗进入”双靶点”时代。
IgA肾病(IgAN)是全球最常见的原发性肾小球疾病,其特征为肾小球系膜区IgA免疫复合物异常沉积,进而导致肾脏炎症和损伤。约50%以上的患者在确诊后10-20年内进展至肾衰竭或死亡,是全球慢性肾脏病和肾衰竭的主要病因之一。我国约有500万IgAN患者,每年确诊病例超过10万人,发病高峰年龄在30-40岁之间。
B细胞产生致病性抗IgA抗体是导致IgAN和肾脏损伤的重要原因,BAFF(B细胞活化因子)维持致病B细胞存活,APRIL(增殖诱导配体)则促进半乳糖缺陷型IgA1(Gd-IgA1)产生。Atacicept是一种可溶性重组融合蛋白,包含天然人TACI受体与IgG1 Fc片段,通过同时结合并抑制BAFF、APRIL这两个关键免疫调节因子,从源头上减少致病性抗体的产生。
ORIGIN 3期临床试验结果
ORIGIN 3是一项正在进行中的全球、多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的3期临床试验(NCT04716231),共纳入431名经活检确诊的成人IgAN患者。
| 项目 | Atacicept组 | 安慰剂组 |
| 入组人数(中期分析) | 106例 | 97例 |
| 给药方案 | 150mg 皮下注射,每周一次 | 匹配安慰剂 |
| 蛋白尿降低(较基线) | 45.7% | 6.8% |
| 组间差异 | 41.8个百分点(95% CI: 28.9-52.3) | — |
| Gd-IgA1降低 | 约68% | 约3% |
| 镜下血尿消退率 | 81% | 21% |
| 不良事件发生率 | 59.3% | 50.0% |
| 严重不良事件 | 0.5% | 5.1% |
主要研究者、斯坦福大学医学中心Richard Lafayette教授评价:“ORIGIN 3是首个在IgAN中展示如此幅度蛋白尿降低的3期试验,这些结果令人信服地证明了Atacicept降低蛋白尿的疗效。”
⚠️ 重要说明: 此次加速批准基于蛋白尿减少这一替代终点,目前尚未确立Atacicept能否长期延缓IgAN患者的肾功能下降。该适应症的持续批准可能取决于正在进行的ORIGIN 3试验中eGFR终点数据,该数据预计2026年三季度公布。
在ORIGIN研究中,Atacicept的安全性概况总体良好,与安慰剂相当:
•最常见不良反应:感染(32% vs 安慰剂28%)和局部注射反应(30% vs 安慰剂5%)
•大多数不良事件为轻至中度,严重不良事件在Atacicept组反而更低(0.5% vs 5.1%)
•未出现临床显著免疫抑制的安全性信号,两组均无死亡报告
注意事项: 由于Atacicept具有免疫抑制作用,可能增加感染风险。FDA建议在治疗前评估患者是否存在活动性感染,并在治疗期间进行监测。治疗前30天内及治疗期间不推荐接种活疫苗。
用药信息
| 项目 | 内容 |
| 商品名 | Trutakna(通用名:atacicept-vymj) |
| 剂量 | 150mg,每周一次 |
| 给药途径 | 皮下注射,患者可居家自行给药 |
| 给药装置 | 自动注射器(autoinjector) |
| 适用人群 | 有疾病进展风险的成人原发性IgAN患者 |
| 批准类型 | FDA加速批准(基于蛋白尿替代终点) |
研发与审批历程
•2020-2021年:ORIGIN Phase 2b试验启动,初步验证有效性和安全性
•2024年:Phase 2b结果发表,显示蛋白尿显著降低及eGFR稳定,获FDA突破性疗法认定
•2024年9月:ORIGIN 3 Phase 3试验提前完成入组(431例)
•2025年11月:ORIGIN 3中期分析结果在ASN Kidney Week公布,同步发表于《新英格兰医学杂志》
•2026年1月:FDA接受BLA申请并给予优先审评,PDUFA日期定为7月7日
•2026年6月:Vera与FDA达成一致,将eGFR分析提前至2026年第三季度
•2026年7月7日:FDA正式加速批准Atacicept(Trutakna)
临床意义与展望
对临床医务人员: Atacicept为IgAN治疗提供了首个双靶点(BAFF/APRIL)抑制方案,机制上直击B细胞介导的免疫病理过程 。居家自行皮下注射的给药方式提高了患者依从性和生活质量。
对患者: 新增一种可居家使用的靶向治疗选择,每周一次皮下注射,操作简便。 在36周内可显著降低蛋白尿(约46%),并改善血尿等关键疾病标志物。 安全性良好,严重不良事件发生率低,但长期肾脏保护效果仍在验证中。